Types of Kilns

Electric, glass, Raku, glass, enameling, and front loading pottery kilns Choosing a pottery kiln isn't simply a matter of cost or style. A kiln's fuel source will determine what you can create with it, and specialty kilns are recommended for creating Raku ware or glassware. The following are some of the most popular types of pottery kilns. Electric kilns The electric kiln is the most popular type of pottery kiln, especially for beginners. Electric kilns are relatively inexpensive and easy to use. They're also somewhat more energy efficient, because heat isn't lost via venting. Electrical kilns offer an oxidation firing environment. This is a highly controlled environment that yields predictably bright colors and consistent glaze results. Gas kilns Gas kilns can be more difficult to fire, but many experienced potters prefer them because of the unique benefits of reduction firing. Reduction firing occurs when there is a spatially variable or insufficient oxygen level. This results in unique, unpredictable finish variations and richer, earthier colors.

Raku kilns

Raku pottery is distinguished by its decorative crackled or crazed finish. This is achieved by removing pottery from a Raku kiln while it's still hot and then rapidly cooling or spraying it with water or placing it in a container with combustible materials (among other techniques). Raku kilns are small and designed so that a potter can quickly and easily remove their contents.

Glass kilns

Glass kilns, unlike standard pottery kilns, typically have heating elements in the lid. Glasswork tends to be more horizontal than vertical, and top firing is needed to achieve consistent heating. Unlike pottery kilns, a glass kiln will also offer slow, temperature-controlled cooling. This is necessary for the annealing process, which relieves internal stresses that would otherwise cause glass to crack.

Enameling kilns

Enameling is the application of a decorative coating that fuses with its substrate when fired in an enameling kiln. A common example is powdered glass enamel fired to metal. Enameling kilns are typically small tabletop kilns that can be used for glaze testing or decorating jewelry, glass, metal, or pottery.

Front loading

Pottery kilns can be either front loading or top loading. Front loading kilns are generally easier to load, especially if you have a large kiln and are making heavier pieces.